{"id":72,"date":"2002-07-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1999-11-30T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/imagecoffee.net\/cipdb\/?p=72"},"modified":"2017-11-06T18:13:18","modified_gmt":"2017-11-06T10:13:18","slug":"%e6%94%9d%e5%bd%b1%e8%92%99%e5%a4%aa%e5%a5%87%ef%bc%9aphotomontage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imagecoffee.net\/cipdb\/?p=72","title":{"rendered":"\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\uff1aPhotomontage"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\" \/cipdb\/p\/images\/photomontage.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Adolf the Superman, AIZ, 17 July, 1932 <\/em>by John Heartfield<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u8499\u592a\u5947(montage)\u9019\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u662f\u6f14\u8b8a\u81ea\u6cd5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u52d5\u8a5emonter\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u628a\u67d0\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u8d77\u300d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u800c\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7406\u8ad6\u5c0d20\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8207\u85dd\u8853\u5708\u5f71\u97ff\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4e14\u6df1\u9060\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u651d\u5f71\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6587\u5b78(\u5982\uff1aAlfred D\u00f6blin)\u3001\u96fb\u5f71(\u5982\uff1a\u4fc4\u570b\u96fb\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7406\u8ad6\u5275\u59cb\u8005\u611b\u68ee\u65af\u5766Sergei Eisenstein)\uff1b\u9054\u9054\u4e3b\u7fa9(Dada)\u8005\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6(surrealist artists\uff0c\u5982\uff1aMax Ernst)\u2026\u2026.\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947(photomontage)\u300d\u5247\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u7531John Heartfield\u7b49\u4eba\u65bc1916\u5e74\u5c07\u651d\u5f71\u5f71\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u8499\u592a\u5947\u9019\u7a2e\u65b0\u7f8e\u5b78\u898f\u5247\u6240\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/exec\/obidos\/redirect?link_code=as2&amp;path=ASIN\/0813008301&amp;tag=developingima-20&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/cipdb\/p\/images\/0813008301.01._AA_SCMZZZZZZZ_.jpg\" alt=\"\" align=\"right\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>\u800c\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u5207\u5272\u3001\u91cd\u7d44\u4ee5\u53ca\u62fc\u8cbc\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u8cea\u6216\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7167\u7247\u8207\u5e95\u7247\uff0c\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u518d\u5229\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u76f8\u7247\u4ee5\u88fd\u9020\u8207\u539f\u672c\u5716\u50cf\u5167\u5bb9\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u518d\u7d93\u7531\u6c96\u6d17\u6216\u662f\u518d\u7ffb\u651d\u6210\u7121\u63a5\u7e2b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u6a5f\u68b0\u5316\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u8907\u88fd\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5019\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u8272\u5f69\u4e5f\u6703\u88ab\u52a0\u5165\u6210\u70ba\u9019\u4f5c\u54c1\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u901a\u5e38\u8a87\u793a\u4e86\u539f\u672c\u651d\u5f71\u80fd\u8868\u9054\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u5716\u50cf\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u8a87\u5f35\u7684\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u5728\u7576\u6642\u8a31\u591a\u9769\u547d\u85dd\u8853(revolutionary art)\u7684\u5ba3\u50b3\u54c1\uff0c\u5546\u696d\u8996\u89ba\u50b3\u9054\u8a2d\u8a08\u4ee5\u53ca\u9054\u9054\u4e3b\u7fa9\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6(Dadaists)\u90fd\u628a\u9019\u7a2e\u624b\u6cd5\u767c\u63ee\u7684\u6dcb\u6f13\u76e1\u81f4\u3002\u800c\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u4e5f\u5e36\u52d5\u4e86\u5169\u6b21\u5927\u6230\u9593\u7684\u524d\u885b\u85dd\u8853\u904b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u767c\u97cc\u65bc19\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u7576Henry Peach Robinson \u548c Oscar Gustav Rejlander\u5229\u7528\u591a\u91cd\u66dd\u5149(multiple exposures)\u7684\u7167\u7247\u88fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6558\u4e8b\u5f71\u50cf\u3002\u4e26\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u5f71\u50cf\u66fe\u7d93\u572820\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6700\u521d10\u5e74\u4ee5\u540d\u4fe1\u7247\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u6b50\u9678\u53ca\u7f8e\u570b\u6d41\u50b3\u3002\u800c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684Herbert Bayer\u5c07\u5176\u5728\u7f8e\u8853\u62fc\u8cbc(collage)\u548c\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e4b\u4e2d\u767c\u63da\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u9019\u7a2e\u85dd\u8853\u7f8e\u5b78\u5f62\u5f0f\u63a5\u8457\u5728\u6b50\u9678\u5ee3\u6cdb\u88ab\u524d\u885b\u6d3e\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\u8207\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u8607\u806f\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u7531\u79d1\u9686(Cologne)\u7684\u67cf\u6797\u7684Max Ernst\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6230\u5f8c\u6240\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u9054\u9054\u4e3b\u7fa9\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6(\u5982\uff1aRaoul Hausmann, John Heartfield, Hannah H\u00f6ch)\u5247\u8ddf\u96a8\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8173\u6b65\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u88ab\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u9019\u7a2e\u5177\u6709\u6539\u9020\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u653f\u6cbb\u9054\u5230\u6279\u5224\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u8907\u88fd\u6210\u6d77\u5831\u3001\u5831\u7d19\u3001\u96dc\u8a8c\u7b49\u50b3\u5a92\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5f62\u5f0f\u6df1\u6df1\u8457\u8ff7\u3002\u6b63\u5982John Heartfield\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u56b4\u683c\u8aaa\u4f86\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u651d\u5f71\u5e2b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u537b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u88fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e0d\u5c11\u8af7\u523a\u8b74\u8cac\u7d0d\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9(Nazism)\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u800c\u57281920\u5e74\u4ee3\u7d05\u8272\u9769\u547d\u7684\u8607\u806f\uff0c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5011(Gustav Klucis, October group, Alexander Rodchenko, Stenberg brothers, and El Lissitzky)\u5247\u5c07\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7528\u4f5c\u5ba3\u63da\u6b4c\u547d\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u8607\u7dad\u57c3\u806f\u90a6\u4f5c\u6587\u5316\u5f8c\u76fe\u3002\u4e0d\u50c5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c1920\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u66f4\u662f\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u8a2d\u8a08\u9662\u6821\u7684\u59cb\u7956\uff0d\u5305\u6d69\u65af(Bauhaus)\u751f\u6839\u8301\u58ef\u3002\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u5728\u5546\u696d\u5e73\u9762\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6d77\u5831\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u300c\u65b0\u5ee3\u544a\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b(Neu Werbegestalter)\u300d\u9019\u500b\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fa\u8eab\u5305\u6d69\u65af\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u548c\u6377\u514b\u524d\u885b\u85dd\u8853\u5718\u9ad4Devetsil\u4f7f\u7528\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u5275\u4f5c\u300c\u5f71\u50cf\u8a69\u7bc7(image-poems)\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u5f71\u50cf\u5247\u5c0d\u7576\u6642\u7684\u6469\u767b\u4e16\u754c\u523b\u5283\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u4e5f\u82071918-1925\u5e74\u4e3b\u8981\u76db\u884c\u65bc\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u7d14\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9(Purism)\u904b\u52d5\u95dc\u806f\u9817\u6df1\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u300c\u65b0\u6f6e\u6d41(L&#8217;Esprit nouveau)\u300d\u96dc\u8a8c\u4e2d\u63d0\u5021\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a5f\u68b0\u5f0f\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u88fd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5c31\u5167\u6db5\u800c\u8ad6\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u9664\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u7d14\u7cb9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u822c\u8a69\u610f\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u5916\uff0c\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6642\u4e26\u5b58\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u8868\u73fe\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\uff1aMax Ernst, Leo Malet, \u548c<a href=\"cipdb.asp?id=20\">\u66fc\u2027\u96f7(Man Ray)<\/a>\u7b49\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u624b\u6cd5\u7684\u8d85\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u651d\u5f71\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u52301970\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u5305\u62ecClarence John Laughlin \u548c<a href=\"\/sites\/020420.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Jerry N. Uelsmann<\/a>\u7b49\u4eba\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5bcc\u76db\u540d\u7684\u5c31\u5c6c<a href=\"\/sites\/020420.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jerry N. Uelsmann<\/a>\u90a3\u7a2e\u559a\u8d77\u5922\u5883\u822c\u5730\u5f71\u50cf\u758a\u5370\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5176\u9918\u5927\u591a\u6578\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u651d\u5f71\u5e2b\u537b\u5c0d\u7d14\u7cb9\u651d\u5f71(straight photography)\u5805\u4fe1\u4e0d\u79fb\uff0c\u800c\u8b1d\u7d55\u4f7f\u7528\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u7f8e\u5b78\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7d14\u85dd\u8853\u651d\u5f71\u5708\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5546\u696d\u7528\u9014\u4e0a\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5247\u662f\u7562\u696d\u65bc\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u8a2d\u8a08\u5b78\u9662(Institute of Design in Chicago)\u7684Barbara Morgan\u3002\u800c\u572870\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5f8c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6f6e\u6d41(postmodernist spirit)\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\u6210\u70baRobert Heinecken\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53c8\u518d\u5ea6\u589e\u6eab\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/h2>\n<h3>\u25a0\u5ee0\u5546\/\u66f8\u7c4d<\/h3>\n<h3>\u25a0\u76f8\u95dc\u7db2\u7ad9\uff1a<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uelsmann.net\/\">Jerry Uelsmann<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u25a0\u76f8\u95dc\u5c08\u6709\u540d\u8a5e\uff1a<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/cipdb\/?p=617\">\u591a\u91cd\u66dd\u5149\uff1aMulti-Exposure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/cipdb\/?p=79\">\u66fc\u2027\u96f7 \uff1aRay, Man (1890-1976)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Adolf the Superman, AIZ, 17 July, 1932 by John Heartfie&#8230; <\/p>\n<div class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/imagecoffee.net\/cipdb\/?p=72\">\u95b1\u8b80\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[25,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-72","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-p","category-7"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\r\n<title>\u651d\u5f71\u8499\u592a\u5947\uff1aPhotomontage | \u651d\u5f71\u5c08\u6709\u540d\u8a5e\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab | 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